Proper detailing of a building envelope is critical for providing adequate moisture control and performance. Water infiltration is often encountered during the service life of a building. Any opening in an envelope is a potential risk for water ingress that can lead to mould growth and wood decay. In this seminar, speakers give examples of good and poor detailing based on case studies from the field, laboratory experiments, and hygrothermal modeling. They focus on envelope failures, symptoms, causes, and remedial measures.

1. Performance of Wall/Window Interface Details
Michael Lacasse, Ph.D.
2. The Complicated Science of Detailing the Building Enclosure
Paul E. Totten, P.E.
3. Moisture Performance of Details
Guylaine Desmarais

Different types of thermal activation of building structures are increasingly utilized not only in buildings that rely on direct use of solar energy, but also in other types. These strategies include phase change materials integrated walls, multifunctional PV facades with controllable variable daylight/solar gain features, and integrating thermal and electrical output. Much of the existing research has focused on the integration of these facades and structures with the rest of the building, but detailed information is scarce on relevant properties and the performance of multifunctional facades relevant for the specific function as well as with respect to the integral energy efficiency.

1. Solar Architecture: Computational Performance Assessment of Facades with Advanced Daylighting and Photovoltaic Devices
Stephen K. Wittkopf, Ph.D., P.E.
2. TMT: A New Material for Multifunctional Sustainable Facades and Other Potential Uses in Construction
Rainer Schoftner, Ph.D., P.E.
3. Building Integrated Photovoltaics: Simulated, Tested, and Actual Performance
Mike Lubun, P.E.
4. Measuring Technical Characterization of Facades and Building Structures Activation and Multifunctionality Relevant Properties
Marija S. Todorovic, Ph.D., P.E.

Avoiding mold in buildings is simple in principle: keep everything dry and mold cannot grow. But we build our homes outdoors. And all buildings leak both air and water. So given time, the odds favor some things getting wet indoors, which means most buildings have some risk of having a mold problem. This seminar provides recommendations on energy efficient residential building assemblies and practices that reduce mold risk. The discussions include a three-part strategy for builders to reduce mold risk, application in production homes, and analytical modeling of energy efficient wall assembly options.

1. A Builder's Guide to Reducing Mold Risk
Lewis G. Harriman
2. Demonstration of Mold Risk Reduction Strategies in Energy Efficient New Homes
Neil P. Leslie, P.E.
3. What's Behind the Stucco? An Evaluation of Exterior Wall Moisture Issues
Christine E. Walker, Ph.D.

Rainwater penetration through wall assemblies has serious consequences for building designers, owners and occupants. Rainwater intrusion can cause building component failure, damage to valuable contents, and hidden mold formation and growth. It adversely affects building life, operating costs and occupant health. This seminar provides laboratory and field data on residential window installation methods, wall drainage designs, and wall assembly failure mechanisms, including protocols, results, and implications for the building community.

1. Reasons Why Walls Fail to Control Rain Penetration: Lessons Learned from Field Investigations
William C. Brown, P.E.
2. Results of Moisture Loading Experiments on Residential Stucco Wall Assemblies
Neil P. Leslie, P.E.
3. Rainwater Management Performance of Newly Constructed Residential Building Enclosures During August and September 2004
Joseph W. Lstiburek, Ph.D., P.E.
4. The Art and Science of Flashing: Protecting Buildings from Rainwater Penetration
Robert Bombino, P.E.

ASHRAE TC 4.4 recently completed research project 1091 on the impact of ventilated cavities on the hygrothermal performance of wall systems. A combination of laboratory analyses and field experiments were used to calibrate a computer simulation tool that examines the benefits of ventilation drying on brick and vinyl clad wall systems. Much new data was acquired during the performance of this project. This seminar reviews the finding.

1. Laboratory Testing of Ventilated Wall Systems
Eric F.P. Burnett, Ph.D.
2. Field Measurement of Ventilation Drying
John F. Straube, Ph.D.
3. The Modeling of Ventilation Drying
Achilles N. Karagiozis, Ph.D.

Recent research and practical experiences with building energy efficient residential roofs and attics are discussed. Presentations, based on building science principles, introduce practical methods of improving roof and attic systems for residential construction throughout North America. Some of the common themes covered by speakers include effective air cavity flow, ventilation principles, energy savings, moisture control and ice damming.

1. Highlights of Two Decades of Cooling Related Roofing Research at the Florida Solar Energy Center
Danny S. Parker
2. Energy Impact Due to Attic Ventilation
Andre O. Desjarlais
3. Sloped Roofs: Ice Damming, Ventilation and Air Leakage
William C. Brown
4. Constructing Unvented Roofs in Cold Climates, Hot Climates, and Everything in Between
Joseph W. Lstiburek, Ph.D.
5. Practical Methods to Seal Attics with Breathable Membranes
Tony D. Zatkulak

"Cool" or highly reflective roofing has changed the way roofing systems are manufactured and marketed in North America. Concerns about enery efficiency, peak energy demand, urban heat islands and air quality have the industry rethinking the need for light colored or highly reflective roofing surfaces. This seminar describes how color impacts roof performance, reviews new pigment technologies, describes products and tools that are available to estimate energy efficiency, and looks at proposed code impacts.

1. How Color Pigments Can Save Energy
Kenneth Loye
2. Advances in Infrared Blocking Pigment Technologies
Jeffrey Nixon
3. Simplified Tools to Estimate Energy Savings on Roofing Systems
Andre Desjarlais
4. Energy Efficiency, Durability, and Sustainability of Metal Roofs
Scott Kriner
5. Implications of California's New Energy Code on the Use of Cool Roofing
Peter Turnbull

Architects and building envelope designers do not have clear-cut design guidelines. This seminar addresses fundamental concepts regarding vapor control, measurements of the transport properties, a historical perspective of the vapor retarder, the new vapor control approach, advanced moisture modeling, and some innovative vapor control material systems.

1. When Vapor Retarders Work and When Not
Achilles Karagiozis, Ph.D., Associate Member
2. Moderate Vapor Retarders vs. Vapor Barriers for Better Drying Potential
Hartwig Kuenzel, Dr.Ing., Member
3. Vapor Retarder Usage in Low-Slope Roofing Systems
Andre Desjarlais, Member
4. Vapor Permeances of Building Membranes in North America at Several Relative Humidities
Mavinkal K. Kumaran, Ph.D., Member
5. Where Did the Vapor Barrier Come From Anyway?
William B. Rose, Member

This seminar allows attendees to obtain current information on the experimental procedures and methods of calculation and interpretations of equilibrium moisture content of building materials. Contributions address sorption/desorption/suction methods and present results to evaluate the applicability of the existing methods for a variety of building materials. The presentations address the following questions: What are the experimental difficulties and limitations? How does one make sure of the establishment of equilibrium? Are the methods applicable to any building material? How are the data made usefulu for hygrothermal analyses? Are existing standards adequate?

1. Sorption Measurements on Hardboards
Anton TenWolde, Ph.D., Member
2. Water Retention Curve for Hygrothermal Simulations - Pressure Plate Measurements and Approximation from Sorption Tests
Hartwig Kuenzel, Dr.Ing., Member
3. Sorption-Desorption-Suction Measurements on Aerated Concrete
Mavinkal K. Kumaran, Ph.D., Member